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Date: Fri, 12 Feb 93 10:02:09
From: Space Digest maintainer <digests@isu.isunet.edu>
Reply-To: Space-request@isu.isunet.edu
Subject: Space Digest V16 #145
To: Space Digest Readers
Precedence: bulk
Space Digest Fri, 12 Feb 93 Volume 16 : Issue 145
Today's Topics:
`Images from the Edge' CD-ROM: State-of-the-Art SPM Images
Annonymous Postings!?
Cooling re-entry vehicles. Ice Nukes
Fred is dead again.
Insurance/Liability slush Fun
man-rating
parachutes on Challenger? (2 msgs)
Reasons for SS(was Re: Precursors to Fred (was Re: Sabatier Reactors.))
Retaining Goldin
Space Station Freedom Media Handbook - 17/18
The day before Challenger exploded.
Urgent help needed for SSTO and Delta Clipper
Welcome to the Space Digest!! Please send your messages to
"space@isu.isunet.edu", and (un)subscription requests of the form
"Subscribe Space <your name>" to one of these addresses: listserv@uga
(BITNET), rice::boyle (SPAN/NSInet), utadnx::utspan::rice::boyle
(THENET), or space-REQUEST@isu.isunet.edu (Internet).
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Sat, 6 Feb 1993 01:07:36 GMT
From: MRuskin <ruskin@eeserv.ee.umanitoba.ca>
Subject: `Images from the Edge' CD-ROM: State-of-the-Art SPM Images
Newsgroups: sci.philosophy.tech,sci.physics.fusion,sci.physicsPhysical,sci.skeptic,sci.space,sci.space.shuttle,sci.systems
Marshall Ruskin, President of Specmark Information Engineering
Inc. invites all interested to download sample images and product
description for the `Images from the Edge' CD-ROM. Briefly, the
CD-ROM is a collection of images of atomic landscapes, advanced
semiconductors, superconductors and experimental surface
chemistry among others. The colored, rendered images are of
objects as small as a few atoms up to 170 microns.
There is a sample set of images available via anonymous ftp on
ic16.ee.umanitoba.ca, directory `specmark'. For additional
information via email, contact ruskin@ee.umanitoba.ca
------------------------------
Date: 5 Feb 93 21:56:25 GMT
From: nsmca@acad3.alaska.edu
Subject: Annonymous Postings!?
Newsgroups: sci.space
I can think of one good reason for Annonynous postings, and that is whistle
blowing.. If anything to get someone to look into the "problem" and such..
Problem with this annonynous posting thing is that people will clog the normal
channels of reacting to whistle blowing with pure sensationalist garbage..
==
Michael Adams alias Ghost Wheel/Morgoth NSMCA@acad2.alaska.edu
------------------------------
Date: 5 Feb 93 22:12:46 GMT
From: nsmca@acad3.alaska.edu
Subject: Cooling re-entry vehicles. Ice Nukes
Newsgroups: sci.space
In article <ewright.728936120@convex.convex.com>, ewright@convex.com (Edward V. Wright) writes:
> In <C1zGn3.Jov.1@cs.cmu.edu> nickh@CS.CMU.EDU (Nick Haines) writes:
>
>>I wouldn't suggest it as a skin heatshield, though. Maybe as an layer
>>just inside your titanium skin; I would expect it to melt/sublime in
>>layers that can then be circulated or dumped. Still, seems a waste to
>>carry all that water into orbit and then just throw it away.
>
> Yeah, water in either the solid or liquid form is rather heavy.
> In an "ice-sculpture" glider, the weight of the ice would be
> more than any metal skin.
>
>
Has everyone forgot about the problem of Ice coming into the atmospher at a
fast speeds.. Namely that it heats up fast and then exploded. Something I have
heard like having a nuke go off without the raditation.. If you use ICe as a
heat sheild you'l get the same problem.. Maybe has a underskin that is
possible..
But Id rather bank on following another ship out of space and ride behind it..
And let its heat shield protect you both.. Emergency matter, but possible(?)..
==
Michael Adams, nsmca@acad3.alaska.edu -- I'm not high, just jacked
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 5 Feb 1993 23:22:15 GMT
From: "Allen W. Sherzer" <aws@iti.org>
Subject: Fred is dead again.
Newsgroups: sci.space,talk.politics.space
There was a meeting on the NASA budget last weekend when Clinton was
at Camp David. Director of OMB Panetta is proposing (and Clinton seems
to be accepting) a $12 billion NASA budget. The money is to come from
ending Freedom and ASRM.
Interestingly enough Sec. Bensen seems to approve the end of Freedom
apparently in hopes that the money will go to SSC.
However, sources say that this may be used to do a serious re-write
of the NASA Act over the next two years.
Allen
--
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Allen W. Sherzer | "A great man is one who does nothing but leaves |
| aws@iti.org | nothing undone" |
+----------------------130 DAYS TO FIRST FLIGHT OF DCX----------------------+
------------------------------
Date: 5 Feb 93 22:17:20 GMT
From: nsmca@acad3.alaska.edu
Subject: Insurance/Liability slush Fun
Newsgroups: sci.space
Yep, insurance is a major factor in any "dangerous" endevour.. Auto Races and
such.. Many end up going to Lloyds of London.. Maybe the US can start their own
Lloyds for space related projects.. Use the money left over in the "Insurance"
fund for the next year..
==
Michael Adams alias Ghost Wheel/Morgoth NSMCA@acad2.alaska.edu
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 5 Feb 1993 22:41:56 GMT
From: "Edward V. Wright" <ewright@convex.com>
Subject: man-rating
Newsgroups: sci.space
In <C1xtGH.6nF@zoo.toronto.edu> henry@zoo.toronto.edu (Henry Spencer) writes:
>> Just what is "man-rating" ? What sort of extras does the rocket need to
>> be man rated?
>Basically it amounts to (a) you spend a lot of money studying safety issues
>in minute detail and generating lots of paper, and (b) you sometimes add
>minor subsystems to the rocket, e.g. more redundancy in critical areas or
>better warning of trouble.
I believe the inspection procedures are different, too.
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 5 Feb 1993 23:12:55 GMT
From: Dave Michelson <davem@ee.ubc.ca>
Subject: parachutes on Challenger?
Newsgroups: sci.space
In article <C1zKEG.BDv@zoo.toronto.edu> henry@zoo.toronto.edu (Henry Spencer) writes:
>
>No. If they'd had what the crews now have -- partial-pressure suits,
>oxygen, and parachutes -- they would have had a fighting chance of
>survival. The breakup of the orbiter is unlikely to have killed them,
>although it may have injured them. What killed them was the water
>impact.
>
>Given pressure suits and oxygen, they would have stayed conscious.
>Bailing out of a fragment of an aircraft is not exactly easy or safe,
>but there would have been some chance.
I wonder... More than likely, the crew cabin was tumbling as it descended.
It would have taken a great deal of effort to get to the hatch, open it,
and exit... I recall the case of a DC-3 preparing to drop ten or twelve
sport parachutists when a structural failure caused the plane to tumble and
crash. No one survived despite the fact they were all preparing to jump
anyway. I don't recall the altitude at which that accident occured, though.
Of course, as has been pointed out before, even a controlled water landing in
an intact shuttle is dangerous. In such cases, it would be desirable to egress
the shuttle and descend by parachute. Until the post-Challenger modifications,
this was not an option.
---
Dave Michelson University of British Columbia
davem@ee.ubc.ca Antenna Laboratory
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 5 Feb 1993 23:18:36 GMT
From: fred j mccall 575-3539 <mccall@mksol.dseg.ti.com>
Subject: parachutes on Challenger?
Newsgroups: sci.space
In <1993Feb5.193727.13265@mksol.dseg.ti.com> pyron@skndiv.dseg.ti.com (Dillon Pyron) writes:
>>
>>Actually, Martin-Baker thought they could build an ejection system for
>>the shuttle... and they are the world's most respected manufacturer of
>>ejection seats. The upper-deck crew would go first, followed by the
>>mid-deck crew, whose seats would follow rails up through the upper deck.
>>I don't think anyone has done a system quite like that before, but
>>"sequenced" ejection systems, in which seats fire in a preprogrammed
>>sequence to avoid collisions etc., are fairly common.
>I believe the B-58 had such a system. And several two-seat aircraft (like the
>F-4) had a system which allowed the back-seater to go first.
I don't believe there was ever anything quite so sophisticated as what
Henry describes as being proposed for the Shuttle, although sequenced
ejection seats aren't all that unusual. In fact, in multi-seat
aircraft, they're more the rule than the exception. Note also that in
some training jets, the front seat has to go *first*. There is a
story, perhaps untrue (my memory isn't good enough to recall where I
heard it), of a pilot-instructor who got himself cut in half by
reaching up over a student to pull down his handle after the student
blacked out. The student got out. The instructor got a (posthumous)
medal.
If nothing else, it gives you some idea of the attitude with which I
would expect the pilot types greeted the idea that they could have
ejection seats for them, but the Mission Specialists would have to be
left behind when they punched out.
--
"Insisting on perfect safety is for people who don't have the balls to live
in the real world." -- Mary Shafer, NASA Ames Dryden
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fred.McCall@dseg.ti.com - I don't speak for others and they don't speak for me.
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 5 Feb 1993 21:51:08 GMT
From: Henry Spencer <henry@zoo.toronto.edu>
Subject: Reasons for SS(was Re: Precursors to Fred (was Re: Sabatier Reactors.))
Newsgroups: sci.space
In article <Cohen-050293110254@l30346.mdc.com> Cohen@ssdgwy.mdc.com (Andy Cohen) writes:
>> ... the folks who hoped NASA could deliver a hands-on manned microgravity
>> lab (aka Space Station Freedom) in a reasonable length of time, with easy
>> access and reasonable resources available... but have decided that it's
>> not going to happen that way in their lifetimes.
>
>As I've been trying to communicate to everyone here......
>SPACE STATION FREEDOM'S LAUNCH SCHEDULES HAVE NEVER CHANGED SINCE THE
>BEGINNING OF PHASE C...I.E., 1988...
However, NASA has been officially working on, and selling, the project
since at least 1982. And some of the early projections were just a wee
bit more optimistic than the 1988 ones. (Like, for example, permanently
manned operations by 1992 with a rather larger configuration.)
--
C++ is the best example of second-system| Henry Spencer @ U of Toronto Zoology
effect since OS/360. | henry@zoo.toronto.edu utzoo!henry
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 5 Feb 1993 22:40:02 GMT
From: "Edward V. Wright" <ewright@convex.com>
Subject: Retaining Goldin
Newsgroups: sci.space
In <C1wGn0.88J@zoo.toronto.edu> henry@zoo.toronto.edu (Henry Spencer) writes:
>Goldin is doing something extremely rare for a man in such a bureaucratic
>position: he is making serious noises about reform, and even starting to
>act on them.
>Could you please explain to us why Goldin *needs* replacing?
Henry, didn't you just answer your own question? :-)
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 5 Feb 1993 22:45:52 GMT
From: Bruce Dunn <Bruce_Dunn@mindlink.bc.ca>
Subject: Space Station Freedom Media Handbook - 17/18
Newsgroups: sci.space
From NASA SPACELINK:
"6_10_2_8.TXT" (17997 bytes) was created on 10-15-92
Acronyms & Abbreviations
A&R Automation & Robotics
AC Assembly Complete
ACRV Assured Crew Return Vehicle
ACS Attitude Control System
AI Artificial Intelligence
APA Attached Payload Accommodation
APM Attached Pressurized Module
ARC Ames Research Center
ASI Italian Space Agency
ASRF Automation Science Research Facility
AXAF Advanced X-Ray Astrophysics Facility
BCD Baseline Configuration Document
BCDU Battery Charge/Discharge Unit
CAD Computer Aided Design
CAE Computer Aided Engineering
CAM Computer Aided Manufacturing
C&T Communications & Tracking
CDR Critical Design Review
CELSS Closed Ecological Life Support System
CESC Canadian Engineering Support Center
CETA Crew and Equipment Translation Assembly
CHeCs Crew Health Care System
CMGs Control Momentum Gyro(s)
COP Co-Orbiting Platform
CRAF Comet Rendezvous Asteroid Flyby
CSA Canadian Space Agency
CSG Center Spatial Guyanois (Kouroer, French Guiana)
DC Direct Current
DCR Design Certification Review
DCSU Direct Current Switching Unit
DDCU DC to DC Conversion Unit
DDT&E Design, Development, Testing & Evaluation
DMS Data Management System
DOC Discipline Operations Center
ECLSS Environmental Control and Life Support System
EF Exposed Facility
EIC Engineering and Integration Contract
ELM Experiment Logistics Module
ELV Expendable Launch Vehicle
EOC Enhanced Operations Capability
EOS Earth Observing System
EPS Electrical Power System
ESA European Space Agency
ESC Engineering Support Center(s)
ESS Energy Storage System
EVA Extravehicular Activity
FDIR Fault Detection, Isolation, and Recovery
FEL First Element Launch
FF Free-Flyer
FMS Fluid Management System
FTS Flight Telerobotic Servicer
GEO Geosynchronous Earth Orbit
GGSF Gas Grain Simulation Facility
GN2 Gaseous Nitrogen
GN&C Guidance, Navigation and Control
GPS Global Positioning System
GSE Ground Support Equipment
GSFC Goddard Space Flight Center
HMF Health Maintenance Facility
HPRL Human Performance Research Laboratory
HRF Human Research Facility
HQ Headquarters (NASA)
ICD Interface Control Document
IEA Integrated Equipment Assembly
IGA Intergovernmental Agreement
IML International Microgravity Laboratory
IOC Initial Operational Capability
ISAS Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (Japan)
ITA Integrated Truss Assembly
IVA Intravehicular Activity
IWGS Integrated Waste Gas System
IWS Integrated Water System
JEM Japanese Experiment Module
JPL Jet Propulsion Laboratory
JSC Johnson Space Center
KSC Kennedy Space Center
LaRC Langley Research Center
LCC Life Cycle Costs
LCC Launch Control Center
LDEF Long Duration Exposure Facility
LEO Low Earth Orbit
LeRC Lewis Research Center
LVC Lunar Vehicle Capability
MB Mission Build
MBSU Main Bus Switching Unit
MBPS Megabits per Second
MCC Mission Control Center
MITI Ministry of International Trade and Industry (Japan)
ML Mini Laboratory
MMD Mobile Servicing Center Maintenance Depot
MOD Mission Operations Directorate (SSC)
MOU Memorandum of Understanding
MPAC Multipurpose Application Console
MPLM Mini Pressurized Logistics Module
MRS Mobile Remote Servicer
MS Manned System
MSC Mobile Servicing Center
MSFC Marshall Space Flight Center
MSS Mobile Servicing System
MTC Man-Tended Capability
MTE Mobile Transporter Equipment
MTFF Man-Tended Free-Flyer
MVC Mars Vehicle Capability
NACA National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics
NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NASDA National Space Development Agency of Japan
NBL Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory
NEDO New Energy Development Organization
Ni-H2 Nickel-Hydrogen
NSTS National Space Transportation System
OAST Office of Aeronautics and Space Technology
OCP Office of Commercial Programs
ODS Operational Data System
OF Outfitting Flight
ORD Operational Readiness Date
ORU Orbital Replaceable Unit
OSF NASA Office of Space Flight
OSSA NASA Office of Space Science and Applications
OSSD NASA Office of Space Systems Development
PCG Protein Crystal Growth
PGS Power Generating System
PLC Pressurized Logistics Carrier
PLM Payload Logistics Module
PM Pressurized Module
PMAD Power Management and Distribution
PMC Permanently Manned Capability
PMMS Process Material Management System
PMS Platform Management System
POIC Payload Operations Integration Center
POP Polar Orbiting Platform
PRR Program Requirements Review
PSC Platform Support Complex
PSF Power Systems Facility
PTC Payload Training Complex
PTF Payload Training Facility
PV Photovoltaic
QA Quality Assurance
RCS Reaction Control System
RFP Request for Proposal
RMS Remote Manipulator System
ROC Regional Operations Center
RPU Remote Power Unit
SEI Space Exploration Initiative
SE&I Systems Engineering & Integration
SFU Space Flyer Unit (Japan)
SLC Shuttle Launch Complex (VAFB)
SOFIA Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy
SPDM Special Purpose Dexterous Manipulator
SRR Systems Requirements Review
SSAIAF Space Systems Automated Integration and Assembly Facility
SSC John C. Stennis Space Center
SSCC Space Station Control Center
SSE Software Support Environment
SSF Space Station Freedom
SSFP Space Station Freedom Program
SSFPO Space Station Freedom Program Office
SSP Space Station Program
SSPF Space Station Processing Facility
SSRMS Space Station Remote Manipulator System
SSTCB Space Station Training Control Board
SSTF Space Station Training Facility
STA Science and Technology Agency (Japan)
STS Space Transportation System
TCS Thermal Control System
TDRSS Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System
TMIS Technical and Management Information System
ULC Unpressurized Logistics Carrier
USL United States Laboratory
VAB Vehicle Assembly Building
VAC Volts Alternating Current
VAFB Vandenberg Air Force Base
VDC Volts Direct Current
VRF Vestibular Research Facility
VLSIC Very Large Scale Integrated Circuits
WBS Work Breakdown Structure
WP Work Package
WTR Western Test Range
XOC Extended Operations Capability
ZOE Zone of Exclusion
Glossary
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
The use of computers to perform tasks (such as robotics, vision
interpretation, problem solving, etc.) with a minimum of
preprogrammed direction.
Attached Payloads
Payloads located on manned base truss outside the pressurized
modules.
Automation
Mechanization of a process or system to proceed without human
intervention.
Baseline
A specification or product that has been reviewed, agreed upon, and
that serves as the basis for further development and can be changed
only through change control procedures.
Baseline Program
The first phase of the space station program, during which
permanently manned capability is achieved, and including on-orbit
installation of the following components:
- Horizontal (transverse) boom
- Photovoltaic arrays generating 56 kW of power
- Flight Telerobotic Servicer
- Four pressurized modules (U.S. Lab & Habitation, ESA Columbus
Lab, JEM)
- First increment of Mobile Servicing System
- Resource Nodes
Co-Orbiting Platform (COP)
An unmanned platform, co-orbiting with the space station manned
base, serviced by the Space Shuttle. Provided for in the reference
evolutionary design of the space station program. Nominally, co-
orbiting objects occupy different positions (right ascensions) in the
same orbit.
Columbus Attached Laboratory
The ESA-provided attached pressurized module (APM) that is part
of the baseline space station program configuration.
Commonality
The use of the same or similar hardware and software throughout
the space station program to accomplish the same function, with the
primary objective of reducing costs.
Configuration
1) The arrangement of an information system as defined by the
nature, number, and chief characteristics of its software and/or
hardware functional units. 2) The requirements, design, and
implementation that define a particular version of a system or
system component. 3) The functional and/or physical characteristics
of hardware/software as set forth in technical documentation and
achieved in a product.
Element
One of the following components of the space station:
U.S.-provided elements (pressurized)
- Habitation Module
- Laboratory Module
- Resource Nodes
- Hyperbaric Airlock
- Logistics Module
U.S.-provided elements (unpressurized)
- Truss Element
- Mobile Transporter (MSS Base)
- Servicing Facility (Evolutionary Phase)
- Solar Power Modules
- Propulsion Assembly
- Unpressurized Logistics Carriers
Internationally provided elements (pressurized)
- Columbus Module (ESA)
- JEM Laboratory and Exposed Facility (Japan)
- JEM Logistics Module (Japan)
Internationally provided elements (unpressurized)
- Mobile Servicing System (MSS) (Canada)
- MSS Maintenance Depot (Canada)
- Special Purpose Dexterous Manipulator (Canada)
Evolutionary Growth Phase
The third phase of the space station program, during which the
following components might be added to the PMC configuration:
- Eight Crew Capability
- Enhanced to extended operational capability
- Lunar Vehicle Capability
Expendable Launch Vehicle (ELV)
A ground-launched propulsion vehicle, capable of placing a payload
into Earth-orbit or Earth-escape trajectory, whose various stages are
not designed for, nor intended for recovery and/or reuse.
Expert Systems
Software programs for solving problems in specific disciplines,
composed of procedural rules for that discipline, a rule process,
descriptive databases for that discipline, and a knowledge base
provided by a human expert in that or a related disciplines.
Examples of expert systems include programs that will translate
complex, out-of-context statements from one foreign language to
another, or that will diagnose and discriminate between diseases.
Extravehicular Activity (EVA)
Operations performed by crew members wearing life-support suits
outside the habitable environment.
First Element Launch (FEL)
The first shuttle assembly flight of Space Station Freedom, including
structures and those subsystems necessary to sustain the initial
package until additional hardware is placed in orbit.
Hook
Aerospace jargon for a design feature to accommodate the addition
or upgrade of computer software at some future time.
Integration
The process of combining software and, hardware elements,
networks, personnel, and procedures into an overall system.
Interface
The point or area where a relationship exists between two or more
parts, systems, programs, persons, or procedures wherein physical
and functional compatibility is required.
International Partner
Any of the non-U.S. partners participating. and sharing in the design,
development, and operation of the Space Station: Canadian Space
Agency, National Space Development Agency (NASDA) of Japan, the
European Space Agency (ESA) and the Italian Space Agency (ASI).
Intravehicular Activities (IVA)
Operations performed by crew members within the habitable
environment.
Japanese Experiment Module (JEM)
The Japanese-provided laboratory module (including an Experiment
Logistic Module) that is part of the baseline Station configuration.
Level O
Office of the NASA Administrator at Headquarters.
Level I
Management organization at the level of the NASA Deputy Associate
Administrator for the Office of Space Systems Development at NASA
Headquarters.
Level II
Management organization at the level of the NASA Space Station
Program Office in Reston, Virginia.
Level III
Management organization at the level of the NASA field centers
Space Station Project Offices.
Logistics
The management, engineering, and support activities required to
provide personnel, materials, consumables and expendables to the
space station elements reliably.
Life Cycle Cost (LCC)
The entire cost of a program or project from inception to ultimate
disposition. Estimating life cycle cost is important to understanding
long term impacts of decision-making early in the lifetime of a
program.
Manned Base
Major, manned core of the Space Station Freedom program providing
permanent manned presence in space. The manned base includes all
the U.S. and partner-provided manned elements, plus all the related
systems and structure, except for co-orbiting platforms and free-
flyers.
Man-Tended Capability (MTC)
The capability to operate the space station unmanned except for
periodic visits by the Shuttle crew for servicing and maintenance.
Man-Tended Free-Flyer (MTFF)
An orbiting spacecraft that may require servicing. Free-flyers may
have their own movement capability or require another vehicle for
orbit maneuvers. The Columbus Free-Flying Laboratory is a MTFF.
Mobile Servicing Center (MSC)
Includes the Canadian MSS (below) and the U.S.-provided Mobile
Transporter Element (MTE).
Mobile Servicing System (MSS)
The Canadian contribution to the MSC consisting of the Mobile
Remote Servicer which includes the Space Station Remote
Manipulator and its Base System as well as the Special Purpose
Dexterous Manipulator.
Operational Data System (ODS)
Those hardware and software subsystems that interface with the
sensors and effectors of the orbital space station elements and the
data processing facilities of the various users. It is composed of both
spaceborne and ground based subsystems.
Orbital Replacement Unit (ORU)
The lowest level of component or subsystem hardware and software
that can be replaced in orbit.
Payload
An aggregate of instruments and software for performance of
specific scientific or applications investigations or for commercial
production. Payloads may be inside pressurized modules, attached to
the space station structure, attached to a platform, or they may be
free-flyers.
Permanently Manned Capability (PMC)
The capability to operate the space station with a human crew on
board, 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. Achieved after the 17th
assembly flight.
Robotics
The technology and devices (sensors, effectors, and computers) for
carrying out, under human or automatic control, physical tasks that
would otherwise require human abilities. (See automation.)
Scar
Aerospace jargon for design features to accommodate the addition or
upgrade of hardware at some future time.
Software Support Environment (SSE)
Computer hardware, networks, software, standards, and procedures
forming an integrated whole. In the context of the space station
program, the function of the Software Support Environment is to
enhance the design, implementation, test, integration, and
maintenance of the Space Station Information System software for
the duration of the program.
Space Station Remote Manipulator System (SSRMS)
The station equivalent of the Shuttle Remote Manipulator System
(Canadarm) but which is mounted on a mobile transport mechanism.
(See MSS.) It will be able to access all critical areas on the exterior of
the Station and will be controlled by the crew from inside the
pressurized modules and potentially during Extravehicular Activity
or remotely from the Shuttle or Space Station Support Center.
System
One of the following components of the space stations:
- Electrical Power System (EPS)
- Data Management System (DMS)
- Thermal Control System (TCS)
- Communications and Tracking System (C&T)
- Guidance, Navigation, and Control System (GN&C)
- Extravehicular Activity System (EVA)
- Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS)
- Man Systems
System Integration
The process of uniting the parts of the space station program into a
complete and functioning space station with associated platforms.
Results in the specific decisions (e.g., types of connectors to be used
at an interface, modifications required as a result of a verification
testing, etc.) required to accomplish this task.
Systems Engineering
The process of analytically determining the optimal space station
configuration and associated program elements from a combined
initial, life cycle, user cost, and user performance perspective. Results
in an integrated set of requirements and an allocated set of functions
and resources for the total system and its interaction with all related
factors throughout development and operations.
Technical and Management Information System (TMIS)
An advanced network of compatible hardware and integrated
software used to provide systematic technical and management
information development and exchange between space station
program personnel.
Telescience
Telescience identifies a mode of operation in which a distributed set
of users can interact directly with their instruments, whether in
space or ground facilities, with databases, data handling and
processing facilities, and with each other. Telescience comprises the
aspects of Teledesign, allowing remote interaction with design
databases, transfer of drawings, etc.; Teleoperations, involving
interactive instrument control, as well as operational interaction with
crew from remote locations; and Teleanalysis, wherein users interact
with data sets and data processing facilities from remote locations.
User
Any organization, group, or individual who uses or plans to use the
space station or any other space station program facility for the
operation of a payload or related mission.
Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
A product-oriented, family-tree hierarchy which contains the levels
of work required to be accomplished in order to achieve an objective.
For a program, the WBS is developed by starting with the end
objective of the program which is subdivided into projects which are
each then further subdivided into systems, subsystems, assemblies,
and components which are the logical and necessary steps to achieve
each project objective. The total estimated cost for any item at any
level is equal to the sum of the estimated costs for all items below it.
Work Package (WP)
A WP is a complement of program activities which is assigned to a
selected responsible NASA field installation. A WP describes the type
and scope of activity to be performed at any level of detail and can
include development of hardware, software, interfaces, systems
operation, and system utilization operations.
The material above is one of many files from SPACELINK
A Space-Related Informational Database
Provided by the NASA Educational Affairs Division
Operated by the Marshall Space Flight Center
On a Data General ECLIPSE MV7800 Minicomputer
SPACELINK may be contacted in three ways:
1) Using a modem, by phone at 205-895-0028
2) Using Telnet, at spacelink.msfc.nasa.gov
3) Using FTP capability. Username is anonymous and Password is guest.
Address is 192.149.89.61.
--
Bruce Dunn Vancouver, Canada Bruce_Dunn@mindlink.bc.ca
------------------------------
Date: 5 Feb 1993 17:28 CST
From: wingo%cspara.decnet@Fedex.Msfc.Nasa.Gov
Subject: The day before Challenger exploded.
Newsgroups: sci.space
In article <1ks56cINNka3@digex.digex.com>, prb@access.digex.com (Pat) writes...
>
>
>Failure of the O-RIngs due to Weather is still disputed. THe rogers
>commision was headed by a trade lawyer, not an engineer. Had it been the
>Feynman commision or the Carter Commission or a Technical University
>president heading it, I would have more confidence in the investigation.
>
If you actually go to the library and read the Rogers report several things
come to light that have not been discussed here much. These are:
Seal Burn through self sealing right after launch
High Wind Shear
There is a picture that we have seen from a camera that showed the seal
rupturing at liftoff. There was a black smoke that came from the suspect
seal. According to the Rogers Commission this rupture to the seal SELF
SEALED due to melted SRB propellant melting the rings. Think about it folks,
you have a rubber ring under a lot of heat from a gap created where heat from
the SRB fuel reaction is burning. What happens to it. Slag and rubber sealed
the rupture.
The second is the wind shear. This was the worst wind shear of any
Shuttle flight on record. If my memory serves the wind at 35,000-40,000 feet
was about 85 mph. According to the Rogers report it was at this time that the
O-ring seal re-ruptured. This initiated the burn through due to the fact that
the overall propellant was much closer to the outside of the casing. (The
SRB's burn fuel from the center outward)This is what caused the failure of The
ET supports from melting a short time later.
It seemed to be implied that the was a major contributing factor to the
failure of Challanger that was never really reported.
>Facts are that seal burn through was documented in warm weather also.
>Also, the Challenger had gone through severe wind shear at the point
>of failure. In fact the engines were rotated to the most extreme
>point recorded to then when the SRB failed.
>
See the above
>The facts are the STS was poorly designed from word one and that several
>mechanisms contributed to the loss of 51-L.
>
>pat
The fact is that beyond the management failures and the one major design
flaw the system worked and is working well. AS the Shuttle matures in
its operations even more of the marginal systems are being changed or replaced.
There are other catagory one problems but all of the currently identified ones
have been addressed.
Calling the Shuttle a poor design is a personal opinion. It is not optimal,
how can anything designed by Cap Weinburger be perfect, but it is doing the
job, Allen not withstanding.
Dennis, University of Alabama in Huntsville
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Date: Fri, 5 Feb 1993 23:15:44 GMT
From: "Allen W. Sherzer" <aws@iti.org>
Subject: Urgent help needed for SSTO and Delta Clipper
Newsgroups: sci.space,talk.politics.space
Bush put money in the SDIO budget to continue the SSRT program in the
form of either DC-Y or a 2/3 scale reusable suborbital vehicle called
DC-X Prime. However, there is a very good chance Clinton will remove
this funding.
If you want to help keep Delta Clipper alive, please write to each of
the following people and ask for full funding of the SDIO SSRT program.
1. President Bill Clinton,1600 Pennsylvania Ave NW, Washington DC 20500
2. Vice President Al Gore, Office of the Vice President, Old Executive Office
Building, Washington DC 20501. In addition, send a letter to Gore's Senate
office (not many write there so it has more impact) at: Vice President Al Gore,
S-212, Washington DC 20510.
3. Secretary Less Aspin, Secretary of Defense, The Pentagon 3E880, Washington DC
20301.
4. Director Leon Panetta, Office of Management and Budget, Room 252 Old
Executive Office Building, 17TH Street & Pennsylvania Ave NW, Washington DC
20503.
Ask them to support full funding for the SDIO Single Stage Rocket Technology
Program and ask that DC-Y construction be made a priority. If you only do one
thing to support this program, this should be it.
Letters by people like you worked to keep the Delta Clipper alive when
Congress tried to kill it last June. More effort will be needed this time.
Allen
--
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Allen W. Sherzer | "A great man is one who does nothing but leaves |
| aws@iti.org | nothing undone" |
+----------------------130 DAYS TO FIRST FLIGHT OF DCX----------------------+
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End of Space Digest Volume 16 : Issue 145
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